De:Gramps 3.1 Wiki Handbuch - Stammbäume Verwalten

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Nun kommen wir zur detaillierten Beschreibung der täglichen Arbeit mit GRAMPS. In diesem Kapitel geben wir eine detaillierte Übersicht wie sie ihre Stammbäume verwalten können genauso wie sie ihre Daten mit anderen Genealogen teilen können.

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Neuen Stammbaum beginnen

Abb. 3.1. Stammbäume beginnen


Um einen neuen Stammbaum zu beginnen wähle Stammbäume ->Stammbäume verwalten oder wähle die Stammbäume verwalten Schaltfläche aus der Werkzeugleiste. Dies öffnet den Stammbaummanager.



Wähle die Neu Schaltfläche und GRAMPS fügt einen neuen Stammbaumeintrag zur Liste der Stammbäume hinzu.Um seinen Namen vom standard Stammbaum 1 zu ändern, klicke auf den Namen und gib einen neuen ein.

Nun wähle Stammbaum laden um den neuen leeren Stammbaum zu öffnen.

Einen Stammbaum öffnen

Um einen Stammbaum zu öffne wähle entweder Stammbäume ->Stammbäume verwalten oder klick die Stammbäume Schaltfläche in der Werkzeugleiste. Der Stammbaummanager öffnet sich und sie sehen eine Liste aller GRAMPS bekannten Stammbäume. Ein Symbol wird in der Status Spalte neben jedem aktuell geöffneten Stammbaum angezeigt. Wähle den Baum den sie öffnen wollen und öffnen ihn durch klicken der Stammbaum laden Schaltfläche. Alternativ können sie den gewünschten Baum auch doppelt klicken.

Um einen zuletzt geöffneten Stammbaum zu öffnen, wähle entweder Stammbäume ->Zuletzt geöffnet oder den abwärts Pfeil neben der Stammbäume Schaltfläche und wähle den Stammbaum aus der Liste.

Wenn sie keine "Schreibrechte" für den gewählten Stammbaum haben, wird er im nur lesen Modus geöffnet. In diesem Modus können die Daten angesehen werden, es sind aber keine Änderungen an dem Stammbaum möglich. Als Indikator für diesen Modus wird der Titel des Hauptfenster um den Text (Nur lesen) erweitert.

Eine GEDCOM oder XML Datei öffnen

GRAMPS erlaubt ihnen verschiedene Daten, die nicht im GRAMPS eigenen Format gespeichert wurden, von der Kommandozeile aus zu öffnen, siehe Kommandozeilenreferenz. Dies beinhaltet XML und GEDCOM Dateien. Aber sie sollten sich bewusst sein, das wenn die XML oder GEDCOM Datei relativ groß ist, bekommen sie Leistungsprobleme und im Falle eines Absturzes können ihre Daten beschädigt werden.Daher ist es normalerweise besser, einen neuen GRAMPS Stammbaum (Datenbank) zu erstellen, und ihre XML/GEDCOM Daten in diesen zu importeieren.

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Dateien öffnen

XML und GEDCOM Dateien erfordern es alle Daten im Speicher zu halten und enthalten keine Indizes. Das GRAMPS eigene Format ist eine Datenbank, die die Daten nur liest, wenn sie benötigt werden. Also kann bei einem großen Stammbaum schneller und effizienter auf die Daten zugegriffen werden, wenn XML oder GEDCOM nicht verwendet werden.

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GEDCOM Bearbeiten

Bitte beachten sie, das Daten aus einer GEDCOM-Datei sowohl beim Import in GRAMPS als auch beim Export zurück nach GEDCOM verloren gehen können. Nur öffnen und betrachten der Datei ändert sie nicht. Allerdings wenn Änderungen durchgeführt wurden und bis zum beenden noch bestehen, speichert GRAMPS die Daten mit möglichem Datenverlust.

Einen Stammbaum löschen

Wählen sie den Stammbaum, den sie löschen wollen und klicken die Löschen Schaltfläche.

Dies löscht den Stammbaum komplett' ohne die Möglichkeit die Daten zurück zu holen. Überlege ein Sicherung deiner Daten durch Export in das GRAMPS XML-Format zu erstellen und diese Datei zu sichern.

Einen Stammbaum umbenennen

Sie können einen Stammbaum (oder ein Archiv von ihm) umbenennen durch wählen des gewünschten Baums und klicken auf Umbenennen. Sie können auch auf den Namen in der Liste von Stammbäumen klicken.

In beiden Fällen geben sie einfach den neuen Namen ein damit er gültig wird.

Einen Stammbaum sichern

  • Der sicherste Weg ihren Stammbaum zu sichern, ist der Export in das GRAMPS XML Format (oder GRAMPS Paket um Elemente aus der Galerie mit zu sichern) und die resultierende Datei an einem sicheren Ort zu kopieren, bevorzugt in einem anderen Gebäude.
  • Sie können die Archivfunktion verwenden um Momentaufnahmen ihres Stammbaum zu speichern. Diese Momentaufnahmen können als einfache Sicherung verwendeet werden, besonders hilfreich, wenn sie etwas ausprobieren und anschließend eventuell wieder rückgängig machen wollen. Aber diese Methode sollte nicht für die üblichen Sicherungen verwendet werden, da sie keinen Plattenschaden oder die meisten anderen Katastrophen, die einem Computer passieren können, übersteht.
  • Für fortgeschrittene Anwender: jede Datenbank ist in ihrem eigenen Unterverzeichnis unter ~/.gramps abgelegt. Ein manuelles Backup kann durch sichern dieses Verzeichnisses erstellt werden.

Einen Stammbaum archivieren

You can easily archive and timestamp family trees with GRAMPS built-in use of GNU Revision Control System or RCS. For this to be possible this utility must be installed on your computer.

To make an archive :

  1. load your family tree.
  2. click on the Family Trees button (it has the gramps logo and displays Manage databases when you hover over it).
  3. click on the family tree you've just loaded: the Archive button should appear.
  4. click on Archive and you will be asked for an archive name.

After archiving, the list of family trees will now show your original family tree with a right-pointing triangle on its left.

  • Click on the triangle to display the archive name.(Click again to collapse the archive list).

Archives can be deleted, renamed and Extracted. If you click on an archive, the Extract button becomes visible. Click on this to obtain the extracted archive. It will appear in the family tree list as <name of original tree>:<name of archive> and is now an independent family tree. This can be a useful way of preserving an archive, because archives disappear if the originating tree is deleted; and they are not incorporated into a Portable XML export of the tree.

Ein Stammbaumarchiv entpacken

Abb. 3.2 Eine Version zum entpacken wählen

Simply highlight the archive you want to restore, and select the Extract button.

Abb. 3.3 Entpackte Version


GRAMPS will transfer the archive into a new Family Tree. The Family Tree name is based on the original name and the archive name (see also Einen Stammbaum archivieren).


Einen Stammbaum entsperren

When GRAMPS opens a tree, it locks the tree, preventing you or anyone else opening it at the same time. A second copy of GRAMPS will be able to open another family tree, but the tree already open will appear with the lock icon, indicating you cannot open it. Closing the tree in the first copy of GRAMPS will make it available to be opened in the second copy.

If you could open the same Family Tree in two GRAMPS at once, it is likely your data would be damaged.

In the unlikely event of a crash of GRAMPS, the family tree will be left in a locked state. To unlock the tree, select the locked family tree, and click the Unlock button that will be available. Only do this if you are sure no other copy of GRAMPS is using this family tree.

Einen beschädigten Stammbaum reparieren

Abb. 3.4 Einen Stammbaum reparieren




Should your Family Tree become damaged or corrupted in some way, GRAMPS' Family Tree Manager will display a red Error icon in the Status column.

To tell GRAMPS to attempt to repair the damage, select the Tree and then click the Repair button.

This will attempt to rebuild your tree from the backup files that are automatically created on exit.

Änderungen im Stammbaum speichern

GRAMPS saves your changes as soon as you apply them. This means, for example, that any time you click OK when using GRAMPS, your changes are immediately recorded and saved. There is no separate "save" command.

You can undo changes you've made by selecting Edit ->Undo . If you select this command repeatedly, your most recent changes will be undone one at a time. To roll back multiple commands at a time, you can using the Undo History dialog available from the Edit menu.

If you want to return your Family Tree to the way it was when you opened it, select Stammbäumen ->Abandon changes and quit . (This is just like quitting without saving in other programs.)

If you would like to save a copy of your Family Tree under a different name, you will need to export it and then import it into a new Family Tree. The GRAMPS XML database format is recommended for this purpose.

Daten importieren

Importing allows you to bring data from other genealogy programs into a GRAMPS database. Currently, GRAMPS can import data from the following formats:

  • GRAMPS XML (.gramps Dateiendung)
  • GRAMPS package (.gpkg Dateiendung)
  • GRAMPS CSV Spreadsheet - comma separated values (.csv Dateiendung)
  • GRAMPS V2.x database (.grdb Dateiendung)
  • GEDCOM (.ged Dateiendung)
  • GeneWeb (.gw Dateiendung)




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Importing vs. opening

Please recognize that importing a database is different from opening a database. When you import, you are actually bringing data from one database into a GRAMPS database. When you open a file, you are editing your original file.

To import data, select Stammbäumen ->Import . The Import database dialog will open, asking you to specify the file you wish to import. Note that you can only import data into an existing database so if you are transferring all your data from another program or from an older version of GRAMPS, then first create a new empty database and then import the data into it.

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Data loss with some formats

It is important to note that the importing process is not perfect for GEDCOM and GeneWeb databases. There is a chance that some of the data in these databases will not be imported into GRAMPS.

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Order "up side down" Events generated under other programs

Gramps provides an help for ordering events according to your preferences. See Sort Events tool.

The GRAMPS XML, GRAMPS package and GRAMPS V2.x database are all native GRAMPS formats. There is no risk of information loss when importing from or exporting to these formats.

  • GRAMPS XML (.gramps): The GRAMPS XML file is the standard GRAMPS data-exchange and backups format, and was also the default working-database format for older (pre 2.x) versions of GRAMPS. Unlike the grdb format, it is architecture independent and human-readable. The database may also have references to non-local (external) media objects, therefore it is not guaranteed to be completely portable (for full portability including media objects the GRAMPS package (.gpkg) should be used). The GRAMPS XML database is created by exporting ( Family Trees ->Export... ) to that format.
  • GRAMPS package (.gpkg): The GRAMPS package is a compressed archive containing the GRAMPS XML file and all media objects (images, sound files, etc.) to which the database refers. Because it contains all the media objects, this format is completely portable. The GRAMPS package is created by exporting ( Family Trees ->Export... ) data in that format.
  • GRAMPS V2.x database (.grdb): Prior to Version 3.1, this native GRAMPS database format was a specific form of Berkeley database (BSDDB) with a special structure of data tables. This format was binary and architecture-dependent. It was very quick and efficient, but not generally portable across computers with different binary architecture (e.g. i386 vs. alpha)

If you import information from another GRAMPS database or GRAMPS XML database, you will see the progress of the operation in the progress bar of GRAMPS' main window.

The GRAMPS CSV Spreadsheet format allows importing and exporting of a subset of your GRAMPS data in a simple spreadsheet format. See CSV Import and Export for more information.

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Caution in Importing XML

If you need to combine two family trees (for instance, in rebuilding a database), it is important that you do not import XML data into the same family tree data. For example, if a person in your existing family tree is also in an XML import, then you may end up with mixed up data. Imports do not "merge" data (except for the Spreadsheet Import). As the current version 3.1.2 stands, you could corrupt your database irretrievably if you XML import into duplicated data. If you must import duplicated data, you could export the data in, say, the GEDCOM format and import that; however, GEDCOM does not faithfully export all GRAMPS data. Additionally, you would need to edit your data to remove any duplicates, and re-add some information which may have not been included in the GEDCOM export (such as media). However, importing from the GEDCOM format will not corrupt duplicated data as does the XML import will on duplicated data. If you want to merge basic genealogy data, consider the Spreadsheet Export/Import.

Daten exportieren

Abb.3.5 Exportassiustent: Formatauswahl


Exporting allows you to share any portion of your GRAMPS database with other researchers as well as to enable you to transfer your data to another computer. Currently, GRAMPS can export data to the following formats: GRAMPS XML, GEDCOM, GRAMPS package, Web Family Tree, GeneWeb, and GRAMPS CSV Spreadsheet formats.

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Export is saving a copy

When you export, you are saving a copy of the currently opened database. Exporting creates another file with a copy of your data. Note that the database that remains opened in your GRAMPS window is NOT the file saved by your export. Additional editing of the currently opened database will not alter the copy produced by the export.

To export data, choose File ->Export . This will bring up the Export assistant. Its pages will guide you through the format selection (see Abb.3.4), file selection, and format specific export options (see gedcom-export-fig ). After a final confirmation page, the export will be performed according to the choices you have made. At any time, you can click the Back button and revise any selection, and then go forward to redo the export.

Im GRAMPS Format exportieren

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Privacy Filters

It is important to verify your privacy options on Exporter. Do not enable filters or privacy options for GRAMPS XML backups.

  • GRAMPS XML database export (.gramps): This format is the standard format for data-exchange and backups (see the related .gpkg format below for full portability including media objects). Exporting into GRAMPS XML format will produce a portable database. As XML is a text-based human-readable format, you may also use it to take a look at your data. This format is compatible with the previous versions of GRAMPS.
  • GRAMPS package export (.gpkg): Exporting to the GRAMPS package format will create a compressed file that contains the GRAMPS XML database and copies of all associated media files. This is useful if you want to move your database to another computer or to share it with someone.
  • Export to CD: Exporting to CD will prepare your database and copies of all media object files for recording onto a CD. To actually burn the CD, you will need to go to the GNOME burn:/// location, which can be accessed by navigating through Nautilus: After exporting to CD, select Go ->CD Creator in the Nautilus menu. Your database directory will show up. To burn it to the CD, click the CD icon on the Nautilus toolbar, or select File ->Write to CD in the Nautilus menu.

If a media file is not found during export, you will see the same Missing Media dialog you encounter with GEDCOM export.

Im GEDCOM Format exportieren

Abb.3.6.Exportassistent: GEDCOM Optionen

GRAMPS allows you to export a database into the common GEDCOM format. It provides options that allow you to fine tune your export (see Abb.3.5.gedcom-export-fig).

  • Filter: The filter allows you to export a limited amount of data, based on the criteria you select.
  • Do not include records marked private: Check this box to prevent private records from being included in the exported file.
  • Restrict data on living people: Check this box to limit the information exported for living people. This means that all information concerning their birth, death, addresses, significant events, etc., will be omitted in the exported GEDCOM file. If you choose this option, you will be given additional options to limit further the data on living people. For example, you can choose to substitute the word "Living" for the first name; you can exclude notes; and you can exclude sources for living people.

Sometimes, it is not always obvious from the data if someone is actually alive. GRAMPS uses an advanced algorithm to try to determine if a person could still be alive. Remember, GRAMPS is making its best guess, and it may not always be able to guess correctly all the time. Please double check your data.

In anderen Formaten exportieren

  • Web Family Tree: Exporting to Web Family Tree will create a text file that can be used by the Web Family Tree program. Export options include filter selection and the ability to limit data on living people to that of their family ties.
  • vCalendar and vCard: Exporting to vCalendar or vCard will save information in a format used in many calendaring and addressbook applications, sometimes called PIM for Personal Information Manager.
  • GRAMPS CSV Spreadsheet format: Allows exporting (and importing) a subset of your GRAMPS data in a simple spreadsheet format. See CSV Import and Export for more information. Also, see Export Display .

2.2 Datenbanken nach GRAMPS 3 transferieren

There are two ways of moving your Gramps data from version 2.2 to version 3; either directly importing your version 2.2 grdb file or by exporting to XML format first. Because of complexity in the way that version 2.2 stores data, exporting to XML is usually the most convenient and problem free way of moving your data to version 3.

  • Import 2.2 grdb file: In a Gramps 2.2 database, your data is stored in a grdb file along with one or more log files that are kept in directories found in the .gramps/env directory. To import your 2.2 data directly into Gramps 3, create a new database and select the option to import a Gramps 2.2 database. You need to make sure that you are running Gramps 3 from the same user you used to run Gramps 2.2 so that it has access to the same .gramps/env directory containing the log files that supplement your database. If you are running Gramps 3 from a different user or on another machine you need to make provisions to make the same .gramps/env directory and log files available. If you get an error saying "/tmp/tmpDkI5pO could not be opened" or something similar when attempt to import your database then it means that Gramps 3 cannot see all of the files that constitute your database.
  • Gramps XML: With this approach firstly start up Gramps 2.2 and export your database to the Gramps XML format. The XML file is actually compressed and contained in a .gramps file. This file is portable, has no other dependent files and can be moved to wherever you have Gramps 3 installed. Next, start Gramps 3 and create an empty database using the Family Tree Manager and import the .gramps file.


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